The distinctive and storied sweet wine known as Commandaria comes from Cyprus, an island in the Mediterranean. With a history spanning more than two millennia, it has the distinction of being one of the oldest named wines still being produced today. The great cultural significance and rich, nuanced flavours of Commandaria are well known. Let’s delve deeper into this amazing wine.
History and Origins:
The history of Commandaria begins with the ancient Greeks. It was well-known in the area and was first called “Nama.” But Commandaria really rose to prominence during the Middle Ages, first under the control of the Knights Templar and then the Knights Hospitaller (commonly known as the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem).
On the island of Cyprus during the 12th century, the Knights Hospitaller were in charge of producing this sweet wine. They made it close to the Templar headquarters in the Limassol neighbourhood. The Grand Commandery of the Knights Templar and later the Knights Hospitaller gave the wine the name “Commandaria.”
Production Process:
Commandaria is a wine created from sun-dried grapes, especially the white and red Xynisteri and Mavro grapes native to Cyprus (black). To concentrate their sugars and tastes, the grapes are allowed to dry on the vine or straw mats. Similar to the method used to create Port wine, the grapes are pressed after harvest, and the juice that results is fermented and fortified with a distilled grape spirit.
After then, the wine is matured for a long time—often years or even decades—in oak barrels. Its distinct personality, complexity, and sweetness are all a result of this ageing process.
Taste and Characteristics:
Commandaria is characterized by its rich, sweet, and complex flavor profile. It typically exhibits the following tasting notes:
- A deep amber or mahogany color.
- Intense aromas of dried fruits, nuts, caramel, and spices.
- A palate that is both sweet and full-bodied, with flavors of raisins, figs, honey, and hints of chocolate.
- A long and luscious finish with a pleasant warmth from the fortified spirit.
Cultural Significance:
Commandaria has played a significant role in Cypriot culture and history. It has been used in various ceremonies and celebrations throughout the centuries. For instance:
- It was often used in religious ceremonies and is sometimes referred to as “the wine of kings and the king of wines.”
- Commandaria was offered to Richard the Lionheart during his wedding with Berengaria of Navarre in Cyprus in 1191.
- It has been mentioned in various historical documents, including works by famous writers like Shakespeare and Homer.
Modern Production and Recognition:
Nowadays, a number of vineyards in Cyprus’ Limassol region make Commandaria. As a result of recognition and protected designation of origin (PDO) status, only wines made in accordance with tradition in certain parts of Cyprus are permitted to use the name “Commandaria.”
Commandaria is a living representation of Cyprus’s history and cultural heritage, thus it is more than just a wine. It is a wine that is worth enjoying and appreciating due to its historic origins, distinctive production method, and exquisite flavour. Whether you enjoy drinking wine or learning about history, Commandaria provides a wonderful and educational tour of the wine industry.
